和田玉，“中国四大名玉”之一（其三为陕西蓝田玉、辽宁岫玉和河南独山玉）。传统狭义范畴特指新疆和田地区出产的玉石，以和田“子料”为代表闻名于世；广义的和田玉指软玉（真玉）。和田玉虽然因新疆和田而命名，但其本身不是地域概念，并非特指新疆和田地区出产的玉，而是一类产品的名称。中国把透闪石成份占98%以上的石头都命名为和田玉，都在国标范围内。[1-6]

秦始皇统一中国的时候，和田玉因产于昆仑山被称为“昆山之玉”，以后又因位于“于阗国”境内而被称为“于阗玉”。直到清光绪九年（1883年）设立和田直隶州时，才被正式命名为“和田玉”。 [7]

和田玉中的名品，是珍藏于陕西历史博物馆的西汉国宝级文物“皇后之玺”，其质地为新疆和田羊脂玉，是迄今唯一的汉代皇后玉玺，为首批禁止出国（境）展览文物 [8-12] 。2008年北京奥运会会徽徽宝“中国印”，也是采用新疆和田玉作为材料。 [13-18]

和田玉属镁质大理岩与中酸性岩浆岩接触交代而形成的变质岩，内含透闪石、角闪石、阳起石等多矿物集合体，化学成分是含水的钙镁硅酸盐，化学式为Ca2(Mg,Fe2+)5[Si8O22](OH)2，密度为2.95—3.17，摩氏硬度在6.0—6.5之间。 [19]

长期以来，学术界对和田玉是按产地来划分还是按矿物成分来划分存在很大争议，2013年12月17日和2014年1月，中国国家标准管理委员会和全国标准样品技术委员会批准发布了国家标准GSB 16-3061-2013《和田玉实物标准样品》，正式确定——“和田玉实物样品国家标准不论产地，一律按其矿物成分来界定。

藏品介绍

中文名称：和田玉粉盒

英文名称：Hetian jade compact

规格：一件

品相：美品，无磕缺，无裂缕。

横向图

上图的和田玉粉盒整体温润有如凝脂，入手温润释手存温，表面形成和田玉特有的包浆，多处出现玻璃光泽，这是由于古代玉器都是纯手工打造，一件玉器需耗费大量的时间，成品做好后表面极其光滑已经形成类似包浆的光泽，百年过后依然会有玻璃光泽甚感温润，把玩可静其心，观赏可提升雅兴。

横向图

图2我们可以看到这件高浮雕的玉粉盒，没有任何珍惜材料的举措，这是由于明清时期和田玉矿比较富足，所以不会为了原石的本体形态去设计雕刻什么物件，而是想要什么物件就雕刻什么物件，所以古代玉器多有镂空，也少有将皮子巧雕成形的。

纵向图

和田玉保养中的一些小方法

广大玉友们在淘到一块喜爱的珍藏和田玉后，如何更好的对和田玉保养却是一个不容忽视的问题。合理的和田玉保养会使和田玉更加温润细腻，在此小编和大家分享一下如何在日常生活中对和田玉进行更好的保养的一些小方法。 （此处已添加小程序，请到今日头条客户端

图3莲子一直以来是吉祥的寓意，连年有余，一路连连，.莲上有荷，荷下有藕 意寓：“佳偶（藕）天成”。2. 藕内有丝 寓意；丝丝（思思）不断，即使不在一起，也思思不断。3. 莲子寓意着子孙满堂，多子多福。以前结婚撒帐多用红枣、花生、桂圆、莲子，寓“早生贵子”此俗一直沿用至今。4. 莲子有心，所谓“有心”是也，“郎有心，妹有意”。于是两人佳偶天成。

底部图

图4是一张底部图片，莲藕一直连到荷叶，莲子，正寓意着寓意着子孙满堂，多子多福。反面在自然光线呈现了明显的玻璃光泽只是区分现代与古代工艺最直接的方法，现代工的手工雕刻由于工艺不同是无法形成玻璃光泽的。

现在能买到的和田玉多为俄料，青海料，正宗的新疆和田玉已经很难见到了，有年代工艺精美的和田玉物件更是镇馆之宝，可以说稀有度比钻石还高，所以都是一物难求。也就有了千金易得一宝难求这句话。

英文翻译：Hetian jade, one of the "four famous jade in China" (the third is shaanxi lantian jade, liaoning xiuyu jade and henan dushan jade). In the traditional narrow sense, it refers to the jade produced in hetian region of xinjiang, which is famous in the world for its "seed material". In a broad sense, hetian jade refers to nephrite (true jade). Although hetian jade is named after hetian in xinjiang, it is not a regional concept, not specifically referring to the jade produced in hetian region of xinjiang, but the name of a class of products. China names all stones with more than 98% tremolite composition as hetian jade, which are within the scope of national standards. [1-6]

When the first emperor unified China, hetian jade was called "the jade of kunshan" for its production in the kunlun mountains, and later "khotan jade" for its location in khotan. It was not until the establishment of zhili prefecture in hotan in the ninth year of the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty (1883) that it was formally named "hotan jade". [7]

The famous hetian jade is the "empress seal", a national treasure cultural relic of the western han dynasty, which is collected in the shaanxi history museum. Its texture is hetian yangzhi jade from xinjiang province. The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games emblem treasure "Chinese seal", also USES xinjiang hetian jade as the material. [18] 13 -

Metamorphic rocks formed by contact metasomatism of hetian jade magnesium marble and intermediate-acid magmatite, containing multiple mineral aggregates such as amphiboles, amphiboles, and onyxite. The chemical composition is water-bearing calcium magnesium silicate, the chemical formula is Ca2 (Mg, Fe2 +) 5 [Si8O22] (OH) 2, the density is 2.95-3.17, and the mohs hardness is between 6.0-6.5. [19]

For a long time, the academia of hetian jade is according to the producing area to differentiate by it there is a big controversy or according to the mineral composition, December 17, 2013 and January 2014, China national regulatory commission and the national standard sample approval issued national standard technology committee GSB 16-3061-2013 "hetian jade material standard sample, formal -" hetian jade samples national standard regardless of the origin of a product, shall be defined according to its mineral composition.

Above of hetian jade powder compact overall moist as coagulate fat, with a warm hand release temperature, surface formation hetian jade unique patina, more than a glass gloss, this is due to the ancient jade is pure handmade, a jade take a lot of time, after finished product do extremely smooth surface has formed the luster of the similar patina, after the one hundred will still be a vitreous luster very warm feeling, his play can be static heart, viewing pleasure.

Figure 2 we can see the high-relief jade cartridges, without any effort to cherish material, this is because during the Ming and qing dynasties hetian jade ore is rich, so not to the original shape of ontology to design carved pieces, but want what objects can carve what affair, so many ancient jades hollow out, also a rare leather carvings forming.

FIG. 3 lotus seeds have always been auspicious meaning, more than a year, all the way. Lotus on the lotus, under the lotus root meaning: "love couple (lotus root) tiancheng". 2. The meaning of silk in lotus root; Silk (think) constantly, even if not together, also think constantly. 3. Lotus seeds symbolize the full house of children, many children more than happy. Before marriage scatter account multi-purpose jujube, peanut, longan, lotus seed, house "early birth of the child" this custom has been used up to now. The lotus seed has a heart, the so-called "has a heart" is also, "lang has a heart, sister has intention". So the couple met.

FIG. 4 is a picture at the bottom. The lotus root is connected to the lotus leaf and the lotus seed, which means that the family is full of children and many children are blessed. On the contrary, the obvious vitreous luster presented in the natural light is only the most direct way to distinguish between modern and ancient craft.

The hetian jade that can buy now is Russian makings more, qinghai makings, authentic xinjiang hetian jade has been very hard to see, the hetian jade thing that has time craft exquisite is the treasure of town hall more, can say rare degree is higher than diamond, so it is a thing difficult to seek. It is easy to find a treasure is hard to find this sentence.